Details of computer.

 COMPUTER.

• WHAT IS COMPUTER ?

A computer is an advance electronic device that accept information , performs operation on that date present the results ,and stores the date or results as needed. A computer is an electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes this data under the control of set of instructions and give the result and save output for the future reference and usage. 

• WHO WAS THE DISCOVERD COMPUTER ?

     Charles Babbage

The father of Computer :- Charles Babbage

 Born :- 26 December 1791

Died  :- 18 October 1871 

He was died in the age of 79

In 1822 the first automatic computing machine was designed and developed by Charles Babbage Which was the difference Engine.

• TYPES OF COMPUTERS 

BASED ON WORK 

• Analog
• Digital
• Hybrid

Analog

The analog computers are computer systems that measure variation in quantities such as temperature, voltage, speed, etc. Analog computers are known to measure the data that varies continuously.

Digital

Digital computers are the computer system that count things by manipulation of certain discontinuous number and letters through representation of binary digits in contrast to analog computers that measure the variation in quantities. In other word text and graphics are treated numerically.

Hybrid

Hybrid computers as the name suggest are a good mix of analog as well as digital computer, using an analog computer front-end, which is then fed into a digital computer's repetitive process.

PERSONAL COMPUTER.

Personal computer are computer that are designed for an individual user. These computer are small nd a relatively cheaper. 

TYPES OF PERSONAL COMPUTER.

• Tower model
• Desktop model
• Notebook computer
• Laptop computer
• Subnotebook computer
• PDA
• Smart phones

Tower model

This model of personal computer refers to a computer in which the power supply, motherboard, and other mass storage devices are stacked on top of each other in a cabinet.

Desktop model

Desktop model means computer that are designed to fit comfortably on top of a desk, with the monitor sitting on top of the computer. Desktop model computers as compared to the tower model are broad and low, whereas tower model computer are narrow tall.

Notebook computer

Also called ultra book. These are extremely popular because they are extremely lightweight and portable. Because of their small size , typically less than 6 pounds or lesser than , they have become so popular. these flat- bulky display screen. The quality of notebook display screens also differs considerably.

Laptop computer

Laptop are now a day also called notebook computer . These are small and portable. You can make them sit on your lap and work on them.

Subnotebook computer

Subnotebook computer are portable computer that are even lighter and smaller than a full-size notebook computer. They are light weight because they use a small keyboard and screen as compared to notebook computer.

PDA

PDA's have electronic pens rather than keyboard for input unlike laptop. They also incorporate handwriting recognition features. and voice recognition technologies i. e can also react to voice input.

Smart phones

Smart phone are cellular phone that function both as a phone and a small pc. They nay use a pen or may have a small keyboard. They ca be connected to the internet wirelessly. 

BASIC COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM.

THE INPUT UNIT : The Input Unit provides an interface between the users and the machine, for Input data and instruction etc. One of the most common example is the keyboard . Data can be input in many more forms-audio visual, graphical etc.

              some common input devices listed below

1. Keyboard
2. Mouse
3. Voice data entry
4. Joystick
5. Light pen
6. Scanner
7. Secondary storage device such as floppy disks, magnetic tapes etc. The data in any form is first digitized i.e., converted into binary form, by the input device before being fed to the central processing unit (CPU).

THE OUTPUT UNIT : Like the Input unit, the Output Unit also provides an interface between the user and the machine. A common example is the visual display unit (monitor) of a personal computer. The output unit receives the data from the CPU in the form of binary bits. This is then converted into a desired form (graphical, audio, visual etc.  ) understandable by the user. Some common output device. are:

1. Visual Display Unit (Monitor)
2. Printers
3. Speakers 

The input and output unit collectively are referred to as 'peripherals'

SOME FULL FORM.

• ADSL : Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
• ADC : Analog to Digital Converter
• AL : Artificial Intelligence
• ALGOL : Algorithmic language 
• ALU : Arithmetic Logic unit
• ANSI : American National Standards Institute
• AVI : Audio Video Interleave
• CDA : Computer Aided Design
• CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing
• CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate 
• CD : Computer disc
• CDRW : Compact Disc ReWritable
• CDMA : Code division Multiple Access
• CDROM : Computer disc read only memory
• CPI : Clock Cycle per Institute
• CPU : Central processing Unit
• DRAM : Dynamic Random Access memory
• DSL : Digital Subscribe Line
• DVD : Digital Versatile Disc
• ERP : Enterprise Resource Planning
• FAT : File Allocation Table
• FIFO : First In First Out 
• FTP : File Transfer Protocol
• GB : Giga Bytes
• IC : Integrated Circuit
• IE : Integrated Explore
• IP : Internet Protocol
• ISP : Internet service Provider
• IT : Information Technology
• KB : Kilo bytes
• KBPS : Kilo Bytes Per Second
• LAN : Local Area Network
• MB : Mega Bytes
• MBPS : Mega Bytes Per Second
• MP3 : Motion Picture Export group layer3
• MS : Microsoft
• NTP : Network Time Protocol
• PC : Personal Computer
• RAM : Random Access Memory
• ROM : Read only memory
• ZB : Zeta Bytes
• TB : Tera Bytes
• WWW : world wide web

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